What happens to iron when it undergoes oxidation?

• A. It becomes harder and stronger
• B. It does not react with any other elements
• C. It changes to rust when combined with oxygen
• D. It increases its weight significantly

Answer: (C)

When iron undergoes oxidation, it reacts with oxygen in the presence of moisture or water, leading to the formation of iron oxide, commonly known as rust. This reaction is a chemical change where the iron atoms lose electrons to oxygen atoms, resulting in new compounds that exhibit different physical and chemical properties than elemental iron. Rust is typically seen as a reddish-brown flaky substance that decreases the structural integrity and strength of the original iron, showing that oxidation significantly alters its properties.

The formation of rust illustrates the critical importance of preventing oxidation in materials that require durability, such as surgical instruments, where maintaining integrity is paramount. Rust can accumulate if iron is not properly protected or maintained, leading to corrosion, which can ultimately compromise the functionality and longevity of the instrument.