What is a surgical site infection (SSI)?

• A. An infection occurring at the surgical site after the procedure
• B. An allergic reaction to surgical materials
• C. A condition requiring additional surgery
• D. An infection resulting from contaminated instruments

Answer: (A)

A surgical site infection (SSI) is defined as an infection that occurs at the surgical site following a surgical procedure. This infection can manifest in the area where the incision was made or within the organs or spaces that were manipulated during the surgery. SSIs are significant concerns in surgical practice because they can lead to extended hospital stays, additional medical treatments, and increased healthcare costs.

The definition clearly specifies the timing and the location of the infection, distinguishing it from other postoperative complications. While allergic reactions to surgical materials, the need for additional surgery, and infections caused by contaminated instruments are important aspects of surgical care, they do not align with the specific definition of an SSI. An SSI specifically pertains to infections that arise at the site of surgery and is categorized based on a combination of clinical signs, symptoms, and possibly microbiological evidence. This makes the first option the most accurate representation of what constitutes a surgical site infection.