What is the purpose of a tracheostomy?

• A. To attach a ventilator system
• B. To create a surgical opening in the trachea for breathing
• C. To perform a biopsy
• D. To drain fluids from the lungs

Answer: (B)

The purpose of a tracheostomy is to create a surgical opening in the trachea, which allows for direct access to the airway and facilitates breathing. This procedure is typically performed when there is an obstruction in the upper airway, such as with severe swelling, trauma, or certain medical conditions which compromise normal breathing. By providing an alternative route for air to enter the lungs, a tracheostomy can ensure that the patient receives adequate oxygenation, particularly in emergency or critical situations.

This approach is crucial for patients who may be unable to breathe effectively through their mouth or nose due to various medical issues. It also aids in long-term ventilation needs, offering a more stable and comfortable means of respiration than other methods, such as endotracheal intubation.

In contrast, while attaching a ventilator system can be part of the management after a tracheostomy, it is not the primary purpose of the procedure itself. Likewise, performing a biopsy and draining fluids from the lungs serve different clinical objectives and do not relate to the fundamental purpose of creating an opening in the trachea for improved airflow.