What is viscoelastic material used for in cataract surgery?

• A. To fill space during surgical instrument storage
• B. To maintain anterior chamber space during procedures
• C. To repair corneal tissues post-surgery
• D. To provide anesthesia to the eye

Answer: (B)

Viscoelastic material plays a crucial role in cataract surgery by maintaining the anterior chamber space during the procedure. This is vital because it helps to preserve the shape of the eye, allowing surgeons better access to the structures they need to work on, particularly when they are removing the cataract lens and implanting an intraocular lens (IOL).

During the surgical process, the viscoelastic material provides a protective barrier for the corneal endothelium, prevents collapse of the anterior chamber, and enhances visibility for the surgeon. It also aids in the smooth maneuvering of instruments by offering a lubricated environment.

The other options do not accurately reflect the primary use of viscoelastic materials. These materials are not utilized for instrument storage, repairing corneal tissue after surgery, or providing anesthesia. Their specific function in maintaining anterior chamber stability is what sets them apart in the context of cataract procedures, showcasing their significance in successful surgical outcomes.