Why is maintaining the anterior chamber space important during cataract surgery?

• A. To allow for better lighting during the procedure
• B. To facilitate easier access to the lens
• C. To protect the corneal endothelium and ensure proper lens implantation
• D. To reduce the risk of bleeding

Answer: (C)

Maintaining the anterior chamber space during cataract surgery is crucial primarily because it protects the corneal endothelium and ensures proper lens implantation. The anterior chamber contains a clear fluid called aqueous humor, which helps maintain intraocular pressure and provides nutrients to the cornea and lens.

When the anterior chamber is preserved, it helps cushion and protect the corneal endothelium from damage during the surgical procedure. This is important because the corneal endothelium is vital for maintaining corneal clarity; any injury or disturbance can lead to corneal edema and visual impairment post-surgery. Furthermore, having a well-defined anterior chamber allows for better visualization and accurate placement of the artificial intraocular lens, ensuring optimal outcomes for the patient's vision.

Other options, while they may relate to the overall surgical environment, do not directly address the primary reasons for preserving the anterior chamber space, which focuses on corneal protection and the effective implantation of the lens.